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BLOG #10 - HOW DO THEY KNOW WHEN AND WHERE TO GO ?

Birds migrating South
Why does migration happens when it does, and how does the various species know the routes ? Animals can easily sense the changing seasons. They note shorter day length in fall at many latitudes, for example, and they become immediately aware when the food supplies dwindle. Sometimes too many animals congregating in the same area triggers the need to move on.
               But how do they know the routes to follow ? There are several possible answers. Many species inherit the knowledge of the routes from their parents genetically. Some bird species use the sun and the stars to orient themselves as they fly. And a wide range of species make use of the Earth's magnetic field for navigation.
               Sea turtle hatchlings emerge on the moonlight beaches, head for the sea, and join the regular migration route. They appear to be using the geomagnetic field for orientation.
               A recently identified molecule in the brain of the birds may be a chemical connection for detecting geomagnetic energy, and a patch of nerve cells in the brain of zambian mole rats is thought to process magnetic information for navigation.
Migrating African Buffalos

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